Comer

Comer (7) Chapter 9: Treatments for Mood Disorders

Practice Questions

The following questions have been selected from the author’s test bank for Abnormal Psychology. Every question on the midterm exam or the final exam concerning this chapter will be selected from the following list.

NOTE: The number in parentheses before the question is the page number in the textbook where the answer can be found. If you wish to have the key for this set of questions send me an e-mail with your proposed answers in accordance with the schedule provided under the heading “To Obtain Answer Keys” on this web site. Be sure to specify the chapter number for which you are seeking the key. I will send you the key in response.

(As of 2/20/12 The Quiz 1 questions from the textbook web site can be found at the end of these questions. Quiz answer key can ONLY be found on the textbook web site, not here.)

1. (280)A person experiencing unipolar depression writes the following in an activity schedule, “Go to store; doctor's appointment; visit museum; read novel; clean room.” What treatment approach is this person most likely receiving?

A) psychodynamic therapy

B) cognitive therapy

C) interpersonal therapy

D) adjunctive therapy

2. (303) Which of the following is an example of effective adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder?

A) electroconvulsive therapy

B) individual or group therapy

C) hospitalization of the patient

D) Prozac in combination with lithium

3. (293) _________ is a treatment in which a pulse generator is placed inside the chest through which the brain is stimulated.

A) Vagus nerve stimulation

B) Transcranial magnetic stimulation

C) Deep brain stimulation

D) ECT

4. (298) The act that first mandated that information about drug's side effects, contraindications, and effectiveness be made available to consumers is:

A) The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938

B) Drug Ads for Physicians (1962-1981)

C) a moratorium on drug ads (1983)

D) Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments (1962)

5. (291) Which of the following is a second-generation antidepressant?

A) Zoloft

B) Nardil

C) Elavil

D) Tofranil

6. (290) The result of “publication bias” with respect to antidepressant medication is that consumers will think antidepressant medication is:

A) less effective than it actually is

B) more dangerous than it actually is

C) more effective than it actually is

D) more expensive than it actually is

7. (276) Which of the following is an example of an aspect of psychodynamic therapy for depression?

A) A therapist questions a client about losses she may have suffered in her past

B) Every time Keith says anything even a little positive to his therapist, the therapist smiles

C) The therapist questions a client about the frequency and nature of her daily activities, including those that give her pleasure

D) The therapist attacks the irrationality of a client's beliefs about himself

8. (284) A woman who is in conflict with her husband over whether she should have a career or stay at home full-time to care for their children is experiencing:

A) interpersonal loss

B) interpersonal role dispute

C) interpersonal role transition

D) interpersonal deficits

9. (276) If you are like most people, you are more likely to ________ than to ________ in order to improve your mood.

A) pray; exercise

B) go out with friends; listen to music

C) have sex; help others in need

D) eat; take a shower

10. (285) Which of the following is not an example of a biological treatment for depression?

A) electroconvulsive shock

B) antidepressant medication

C) contingency management

D) herbal remedies

11. (292) Second-generation antidepressants:

A) mimic MAO inhibitors and tricyclics

B) target specific neurotransmission reuptake

C) increase the sex drive of depressed people

D) are yet to be widely prescribed

12. (296) A key to preventing relapse of unipolar depression appears to be:

A) continue the therapy, no matter its type, after the symptoms have gone

B) receiving drug therapy in combination with a psychological therapy

C) receiving individual attention from a therapist, no matter the therapy

D) family support

13. (280) Which of the following is a correct match of person and approach?

A) Lewinsohn and psychodynamic therapy

B) Beck and cognitive therapy

C) Seligman and behavioral therapy

D) Weissman and learned helplessness

14. (279) Arron's persistent feelings of sadness and impending doom dominate his life. Every time he says anything even a little positive to his therapist, the therapist smiles. Otherwise the therapist has a stone face. This therapist is probably using some variation of:

A) cognitive therapy

B) behavioral therapy

C) psychoanalytic therapy

D) interpersonal psychotherapy

15. (279) Behavioral therapy for the treatment of unipolar depression is most likely to include:

A) changing irrational thoughts

B) interpreting dreams

C) uncovering conflicts over loss

D) reinforcing nondepressed behavior

16. (292) Second-generation antidepressants:

A) are significantly more effective than tricyclics

B) are easier to overdose on than tricyclics

C) produce fewer unpleasant side effects than tricyclics

D) are less often prescribed than tricyclics

17. (279) A therapist turns on a buzzer when a client speaks slowly and laboriously. She turns it off when the client speaks more rapidly. In other cases the therapist instructs the client's spouse to ignore his mate when she complains or acts in a self-deprecating manner. This is an example of:

A) cognitive therapy

B) behavioral therapy

C) humanistic therapy

D) psychodynamic therapy

18. (291) Which of the following best represents how tricyclics work?

A) tricyclic ingested, reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin blocked, larger amounts of norepinephrine and serotonin released, less neuronal firing

B) tricyclic ingested, smaller amounts of norepinephrine and serotonin released, normal amounts of norepinephrine and serotonin released, reuptake triggers more neuronal firing

C) tricyclic ingested, less neuronal firing, more norepinephrine and serotonin released, reuptake slows release of norepinephrine and serotonin

D) tricyclic ingested, norepinephrine and serotonin blocked, neurons cease firing briefly, neurons begin firing without norepinephrine and serotonin

19. (282) Typically, people who are in the loss and separation stage of grief:

A) have difficulty believing that the person has died

B) dream that the person is still alive or “see” the person

C) are irritable and feel guilty

D) experience deteriorating social relationships

20. (291) Apparently tricyclics work by:

A) blocking the production of norepinephrine and serotonin

B) blocking the reuptake of the tricyclic by the neurotransmitter

C) blocking the ingestion of the tricyclic

D) blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

21. (294) _________ is a treatment in which tiny holes are drilled into the skull through which electrodes are implanted into the brain.

A) Vagus nerve stimulation

B) Transcranial magnetic stimulation

C) Deep brain stimulation

D) ECT

22. (287) In the bilateral ECT, the electrical current passes through:

A) both sides of the brain

B) only the left side of the brain

C) only the right side of the brain

D) the brain and the spinal cord

23. (291) Critics of the “reuptake theory” of tricyclic antidepressant action focus on ______ to explain the mechanism by which tricyclics alleviate depressive symptoms.

A) the molecular similarity of norepinephrine and imipramine

B) the decline in the norepinephrine and serotonin levels of people taking tricyclics

C) the 7- to 14-day lag between the start of its blocking reuptake and its effect on depressive symptoms

D) the inconsistency between reuptake theory and the known mechanism of action of monoamine oxidase inhibitors

24. (301) All of the following about lithium as a treatment for bipolar disorder are true, except that it:

A) is highly effective at eliminating manic symptoms

B) also alleviates depressive symptoms, though to a lesser degree

C) appears to help prevent relapse

D) interferes with the effectiveness of antidepressant medications

25. (292) Which of the following is a side effect of tricyclic antidepressants?

A) dry mouth

B) depression

C) heightened suicide risk

D) dizziness after eating bananas

26. (283) Which of the following is true about research on the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for treating unipolar depression?

A) Hundreds of studies show its effectiveness

B) It is no more effective than placebo therapy

C) 80-90% of depressed people show almost total elimination of symptoms

D) Although people become less depressed, their thought patterns don't change.

27. (303) Which of the following is true about effective treatments for mild and severe forms of depression?

A) Antidepressant drugs work well for both types

B) ECT works equally well for both types

C) Couple therapy works only when there is marital harmony in the relationship

D) Interpersonal therapy is best for severe depression; drugs are best for mild depression

28. (278) From whom are depressed people most likely first to seek help?

A) self-help books

B) therapists

C) physicians

D) clergy

29. (290) The treatment of what disease led to the development of MAO inhibitors?

A) epilepsy

B) tuberculosis

C) schizophrenia

D) high blood pressure

30. (283) Many of today's cognitive-behavioral therapists would agree that:

A) Beck's approach to therapy should continue to be followed without modification

B) negative cognitions should be accepted, not necessarily eliminated

C) acceptance and commitment therapy is outdated and no longer useful

D) therapy needs to be individualized, not delivered in a group setting

31. (303) Which one of the following is a likely reason for using adjunctive therapy to treat bipolar disorder?

A) People stop taking lithium because they dislike the euphoria it causes

B) People stop taking lithium because they miss the depression

C) People stop taking lithium because they feel more productive and creative without it

D) People take overdoses of lithium because it makes them feel so good

32. (301) If a person taking lithium began experiencing nausea, vomiting, sluggishness, tremors, and seizures, one would suspect:

A) the person was not experiencing bipolar disorder

B) the person was experiencing lithium intoxication

C) the dose was too low

D) the person needs adjunctive therapy

33. (284) If you are a minority, you are:

A) more likely to receive antidepressant medication

B) likely to receive therapy with a culturally sensitive focus

C) likely to benefit from culturally sensitive therapy

D) unlikely to be impacted by economic pressures and a minority identity

34. (287) If you were treated with ECT, you would experience a(n):

A) reuptake of serotonin

B) insulin-induced coma

C) increase in energy and creativity

D) brain seizure

35. (296) There has been a significant increase in the number of physicians prescribing antidepressants in the past few decades:

A) because the results of drug therapy are vastly superior to those of cognitive therapy

B) despite the success of cognitive therapy

C) even though behavior therapy shows better results

D) because successful drug therapy is only effective in the short term

36. (279) Which of the following is important in using contingency management effectively?

A) Increase the total number of activities, both positive and negative, so the person can learn to tell the difference

B) Make sure that the person receives reinforcement for engaging in positive activities

C) Be sure the person receives feedback from a group regarding which activities are positive and which are negative

D) Develop ways for the person to express depressed feelings through journal writing

37. (290) Researchers were searching for drugs to treat schizophrenia when they came across imipramine, which alleviated the symptoms of depression, although it was not effective against schizophrenia. It became the first of a class of drugs, all sharing a similar molecular structure, called:

A) tyramine

B) tricyclics

C) neuroleptics

D) MAO inhibitors

38. (278) If a therapist asked you to say whatever came to mind, then suggested interpretations designed to help you work through grief over real or imagined losses, your therapist would be using:

A) psychodynamic therapy

B) cognitive therapy

C) behavioral therapy

D) sociocultural therapy

39. (287) What is the average length of time for the treatment of major depressive disorder with ECT?

A) 2-4 weeks

B) 15 weeks

C) 20 weeks

D) indefinite

40. (279) Jose is depressed. His therapist told him that reading a book each month would help. He should also visit friends, go bowling, do the laundry, mow the lawn, and eat meals with his wife. In short, he should increase his positive activity. His therapist most likely reflects the ______ orientation.

A) behavioral

B) psychodynamic

C) humanistic

D) interpersonal

41. (281) Clients who test their assumptions about what is causing their depression are working in which phase of Beck's treatment program?

A) changing primary attitudes

B) challenging automatic thoughts

C) identifying negative thinking and biases

D) increasing activities and elevating mood

42. (290) People who take MAO inhibitors and want to decrease the risk of negative side effects would make the greatest changes in which aspect of life?

A) what they eat

B) the type and amount of exercise they get

C) their sex lives

D) the amount of time they could spend in the sun

43. (297) Electroconvulsive therapy would be most legitimately recommended when:

A) depression is mild to moderate

B) the patient has not responded to antidepressant drugs

C) suicide is not judged to be a significant risk

D) the patient first comes to therapy

44. (296) Which of the following is the fastest acting treatment for unipolar depression?

A) drug therapy

B) cognitive therapy

C) behavioral therapy

D) psychodynamic therapy

45. (278) Free association, interpretation of associations, and dream interpretation are all techniques used primarily by:

A) interpersonal therapists

B) cognitive therapists

C) couples therapists

D) psychodynamic therapists

46. (289) Cerletti, the first psychiatrist to use ECT effectively, later abandoned the procedure, most likely because of:

A) the advent of antipsychotic medications

B) the likelihood that convulsions caused by it would result in broken bones and dislocated joints

C) the trend toward using bilateral rather than unilateral shock

D) better results from using insulin

47. (290) Which of the following is most likely to elevate the mood in a depressed person?

A) inhibition of serotonin synthesis

B) a decrease in the levels of brain serotonin

C) an increase in the levels of brain norepinephrine

D) blocking synaptic transmission at norepinephrine synapses

48. (280) What kind of unipolar depression is behavioral treatment most effective in treating?

A) severe depression

B) depression of sudden onset

C) depression of gradual onset

D) mild depression

49. (287) St. John's wort:

A) has been shown to be effective in treating severe depression

B) produces undesirable side effects

C) is available only with a prescription

D) is inexpensive compared to pharmaceuticals

50. (301) At least ______ of manic patients treated with lithium improve.

A) 25%

B) 50%

C) 60%

D) 75%

Comer 7 Chapter 9 Quiz 1

1. ______ is the most effective treatment for bipolar disorder.
    A. Prozac
    B. Imipramine
    C. Haldol
    D. Lithium

2. People with anorexia nervosa may benefit from supplements of which mineral?
    A. niacin
    B. potassium
    C. iron
    D. zinc

3. How effective is psychotherapy alone as a treatment for bipolar disorder?
A. mildly effective

B. not at all effective

C. rarely effective

D. almost always effective

4. Most second-generation antidepressants are:
    A. tricyclics
    B. MAO inhibitors
    C. benzodiazipenes
    D. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

5. One explanation for lithium's effectiveness is that it acts directly on the brain's
    A. serotonin system
    B. second messenger system
    C. caudate nucleus
    D. hippocampus

6. As many as 30 percent of depressed patients who use these two treatment modalities are likely to relapse after cessation of symptoms.
    A. cognitive and interpersonal
    B. biological and cognitive
    C. cognitive and behavioral
    D. biological and behavioral

7. What percent of depression patients improve after ECT treatment?
    A. 50-60 percent
    B. 40 percent
    C. 60-70 percent
    D. 90 percent

8. Which form of depression treatment is LESS effective than the others in treating unipolar depression?
    A. psychodynamic
    B. cognitive
    C. behavioral
    D. biological

9. The Food and Drug Administration made direct-to-consumer drug advertisements legal by lifting its ban on such drug ads in ________.
    A. 1997
    B. 1985
    C. 1962
    D. 1981

10. Which type of therapy would be associated with preparing a weekly activity schedule that is set up around pleasurable activities?
    A. behavioral
    B. cognitive
    C. psychodynamic
    D. sociocultural

11. Which is a correct statement about treatment for bipolar disorder?
A. Psychotherapy alone is often helpful

B. Psychotherapy alone is rarely helpful
C. Lithium therapy alone is not always sufficient

D. Both (b) and (c) are correct statements

12. Which of the following did the FDA not require direct-to-consumer advertisements to contain in the 1997 Draft Guidance?
    A. a drugs important risks
    B. where consumers could get further information about the drug
    C. a toll-free telephone number and a Web site
    D. the price-per-dose of the drug

13. Long-term psychodynamic therapy is ____________ helpful in treating unipolar depression.
    A. never
    B. usually
    C. almost always
    D. occasionally

14. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a _________ approach to treating unipolar depression.

    A. cognitive
    B. psychodynamic
    C. biological
    D. sociocultural

15. Which society tends to view bereavement as an interference in the daily routine of life?
    A. Japanese Buddhists
    B. Hopi Indians
    C. Western society
    D. Egyptian Muslims

16. Compared to other psychological disorders, unipolar depression is considered:
A. among the most successfully treated of all psychological disorders

    B. extremely difficult to treat, often with very poor outcomes
    C. challenging to treat, particularly in western cultures
    D. unnecessary to treat, because it usually goes away on its own

17. One study found that the risk of experiencing another manic episode in the future is about ______ times greater if a patient stops taking lithium.
    A. 5
    B. 28
    C. 50
    D. 86

18. One theory about the mechanism of lithium in reducing the symptoms of bipolar disorder suggests that it changes ____________ ion activity in neurons.
    A. potassium
    B. sodium
    C. potassium and sodium
    D. neither potassium nor sodium

19. Among the biological treatments for depression, antidepressant drugs and __________ appear to be equally effective.
    A. cognitive therapy
    B. behavioral therapy
    C. psychoanalytic therapy
    D. electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

20. If a client said to you, My roommate told me that she has other friends on campus, so I think that she must completely hate me, what sort of cognitive error would this be considered?
    A. catastrophizing
    B. dichotomous thinking
    C. selective abstraction
    D. learned helplessness